Roeder BL, Hatch KA, Buckman RS, Gale BH, Bunnell ST, Eggett DL, Auger J. Isotopic and gross fecal analysis of black bear scats. Ursus. 2011 Nov;22(2):133-140. <website>

Grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) and black bears (Ursus americanus) prevent trabecular bone loss during disuse (hibernation). Bone. 2009 Oct:doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.08.011.

Six months of disuse during hibernation does not increase intracortical porosity or decrease cortical bone geometry, strength, or mineralization in black bear (Ursus americanus) femurs. Journal of Biomechanics. 2009 May;42:1378-1383.

Black bear femoral geometry and cortical porosity are not adversely affected by ageing despite annual periods of disuse (hibernation). Journal of Anatomy. 2007 Jan;210:160-169.

Selection of Ants by the American Black Bear (Ursus americanus). Western North American Naturalist. 2004 Apr;64:166-174.

Peraphyllum ramosissimum Nutt. In: F.T. Bonner and R.P. Karrfalt, editors. The Woody Plant Seed Manual. 2008. vol. Agriculture Handbook 727 p. 1223 <website>

Reproduction of Black Bears on the East Tavaputs Plateau, Utah. 2008 Sep.

Movements of Utah Black Bears: Implications for Management and Conservation. 2005 Apr.